Department of chemotherapy

WHAT IS CHEMOTHERAPY?

Chemotherapy General Information

Chemotherapy of malignant tumors is the use of drugs that inhibit proliferation or irreversibly damage tumor cells. Historically, under the name of “chemotherapy” often began to combine all methods of drug effects on the tumor, and the department, conducting such a treatment, called “Department of chemotherapy.” However, the possibilities of drug treatment of tumors are now much wider than the very modest set of chemotherapy drugs available in the 1960s and 1970s, when the “chemotherapy departments” appeared. And, despite the preservation of the historical name of the specialty – “chemotherapy”, physicians, chemotherapists along with “classic” cytostatics (chemotherapy) now use completely new drugs, and even classes of drugs to influence the tumor – endocrinotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy etc.

Drug treatment of tumors in general, and chemotherapy in particular, is an important component of the treatment of cancer patients. Often, especially in the treatment of solid (not hematological) tumors, it is used as one of the components of the combined or complex treatment methods, i.e. used in combination with surgery, radiation therapy. This allows you to potentiate (mutual enhancement) the effectiveness of treatment, when the total benefit from the use of several methods of influence on the tumor is greater than when using them separately. In most cases, this approach is used in the early stages of malignant neoplasms. In such situations, anticancer drugs, administered before (neoadjuvant therapy) or after (adjuvant therapy) surgical removal of the tumor, are able to destroy the microscopic screenings of tumor cells (micrometastases), which the tumor managed to give before its removal. Without additional medical treatment, despite the radical surgical removal of the primary tumor, micrometastases would retain their viability and some time later caused the return of the disease (relapse), significantly worsening the prognosis of the disease. For example, even in the early stages of breast cancer in the 1940s and 50s, when only a surgical method of treatment was used (radical mastectomy), only half of the patients had a chance to defeat the disease. The emergence and active use of adjuvant drug treatment has increased the chance of recovery to almost 90%. Moreover, the use of adjuvant (neoadjuvant) treatment in some cases allowed, without prejudice to oncological efficacy, to reduce the volume of operations performed – instead of a radical mastectomy that completely “carries away” the mammary gland, more and more safe operations began to be used. There are significant successes in the use of adjuvant treatment of a number of other malignant tumors – colon and rectal cancer, osteogenic sarcoma, head and neck tumors, stomach cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, etc.

Applied drug treatment of tumors and as an independent treatment option. Often this approach is used if there are already distant tumor metastases. However, the presence of distant metastases in a number of malignant tumors has ceased to be synonymous with the impossibility of treatment. For trophoblast tumors, germ cell tumors of the testicles and ovaries, colorectal cancer, osteogenic sarcoma, tumors of the Ewing sarocoma family, small cell lung cancer, medical treatment with or without subsequent surgical removal (irradiation) of tumor foci allows cure. For example, with germ cell tumors of the testicle, even in the presence of multiple metastatic foci, adequate drug therapy can cure up to 90% of patients. However, even if complete cure is not possible, modern anticancer therapy has been able to for a long time restrain the progression of many tumors. Over the years, the disease can be controlled in a number of patients with prostate, breast, colon and rectal, ovarian, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, neuroendocrine tumors, etc. There are therapeutic perspectives in a number of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, cancer of the kidney, stomach – with diseases in which previously (in the case of distant metastases), doctors could offer almost nothing to patients.

Improving the effectiveness of drug therapy of tumors is carried out in different directions. The main ones are the creation of new, more selectively acting on tumor cells drugs with a smaller spectrum of side effects on normal, intensively proliferating tissues; optimization of methods of using drugs (regimen, dosage); the use of combinations of two or more drugs(polychemotherapy); improvement of chemotherapy as a part of complex and combined treatment options; the use of other drugs to reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs, etc. Special attention is paid to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, their mechanisms of action, as well as overcoming the natural and acquired resistance of tumor cells to cytokines. On the basis of the data obtained, the most rational methods are being developed for the use of already known and the creation of new effective antitumor agents.

 

The advances in molecular biology, which allowed to establish patterns of the cell cycle and its control mechanisms, maintaining genetic stability and signal transduction pathways from the receptors to the nucleus, opened up prospects for creating molecular targeted drugs that were called targeted (trastuzumab, imatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, ipilimumab, vemurafenib , sunitinib, pazopanib, etc.). Introduction to clinical practice of antihormones (antiandrogens, antiestrogens, aromatase inhibitors, LH-RH superagonists) made it possible to conduct effective and at the same time low-toxic treatment of hormone-dependent tumors. The use of biological response modifiers (immunotherapy) significantly expanded the possibilities of drug treatment of a number of malignant tumors.

ABOUT US

The Department of Chemotherapy has existed in the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology since 1967.

The department has a stationary unit, which includes 2 offices for 22 and 40 beds. Every year, more than 1,000 patients in the department receive treatment for tumor lesions of various organs and systems as an independent method or as a component of combined or complex treatment options.

 

SCIENTIFIC HEAD – DOCTOR OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, KAMISHOV SERGEY VIKTOROVICH

WHAT ARE WE DOING:

The main directions of scientific and practical activities of the department are:
1.Conducting research aimed at developing new and improving the existing methods of drug therapy for solid malignant tumors of almost all localizations based on current advances.
2.Development of methods of drug therapy in combination with surgical and radiotherapy as part of internal integration with the adjacent units of the center.
3.Development of methodological approaches to the individualization of treatment tactics of cancer, depending on the tumor nosology.
4.Reviewing and referencing articles, guidelines, theses, monographs in the framework of current research work.
5.Writing scientific articles, guidelines, manuals for doctors, monographs.
6.Participation in international events on oncological topics, training in leading cancer centers in order to improve the provision of highly qualified care for cancer patients at the level of international standards of treatment.
7.Carrying out the medicinal method of treatment in an independent, combined and integrated plan regarding solid malignant tumors of various localizations in outpatient and inpatient conditions.
8.Providing advice to medical institutions of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, regional branches of the center.
9.Conducting training of scientific personnel and practical medical doctors for oncological institutions. Participation in conducting certification cycles.
10.Promotion of medical science achievements, conducting educational work in the media

OUR DOCTORS:

TUYDJANOVA HOJINISO HOSHIMOVNA

IBRAGIMOV JAMSHID MAKHAMADALIEVICH – Head of chemotherapy-2 department.

Information: 2000-2007. bachelor – Medical-pedagogical faculty of Tashkent Medical Academy (till 2005 1st Tash.State.Med.Inst.).

2007-2010. the magistracy of the Tashkent Medical Academy, in the direction of General Oncology. From 2010 to 2014. a resident in the Department of chemotherapy-1, Republican Oncological Scientific Center (ROSC) of the Health  Ministry of Uzbekistan. In 2014-2016yy. – Junior researcher,Ccancer research center. From April 2016 to the present time  – Head of the chemotherapy Department-2. He is a member of AOUZ (Association of oncologists of Uzbekistan), ASCO (American Association of clinical oncologists), ESMO (European Association of medical oncologists), ESO (European school of oncologists). He has more than 40 publications (abstracts and articles), more than 10 of them in foreign publications such as “BREAST”, “Annals of oncology”, “Clnical Nutrition”, “Eurasian cancer journal” , etc. Participated in many international congresses and conferences with poster presentation. In the national conferences with oral presentations.

Internships and training: In 2015y. – specialization in chemotherapy – on the basis of TashIUV. Course on “Lymphoma and leukemia” in Ascona (Switzerland) organized by “ESO” in 2015. Participated in a seminar-course on Immuno-Oncology in Amsterdam (Netherlands) by ESMO grant. In 2017 at the international cancer virotherapy center in Riga (Latvia). In January 2018y. internship in the clinic “LIV hospital” Istanbul (Turkey). The last internship on “Immunotherapy and targeted cancer therapy” in the Bashkent University clinic of Ankara (Turkey).

Since 2017, every month regularly visits the regional branches of the center with reports and master classes on the subject, goes to the regional med. institutions for consultation and examination of patients. Appears on local media.

Contacts: Tel.:+998712469863

IMAMOV OLIMJON ABDILXODJAYEVICH

ABDURAKHMANOV DALIR ABDUSATTAROVICH

ISRAILOVA FERUZA ABDULXAMIDOVNA

IZRAILBEKOVA KAMILA SHAVKATOVNA – junior researcher.

Izrailbekova Kamila Shavkatovna. 13.09.1987 year of birth.  In 2012 she graduated from the Tashkent Medical Academy as a General practitioner and teacher. In 2014 he completed residency training in the specialty of Oncology. Since 2014 he has been working in the National cancer research center of Oncology and radiology. Junior research fellow : the Role of molecular -genetic and immunological markers in the study of mechanisms of primary multiple tumors. She participated in the development of the program – determining the avidity of interferon status and assessing the prognosis of treatment of herpes virus-positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Participated with a report on May 15, 2015 at the 3rd International Congress of Oncologists.

Contacts: Tel.:+998712469863

NORBEKOVA MUNIRA XAMROKULONVA

NIYOZOVA SHAKHNOZA XAMOIDDINOVNA

Address: Tashkent, Shaykhantakhur district, St Farabi 383.

Phone:+998(71) 246-98-63